Keystone Symposia | Scientific Conferences on Biomedical and Life Science Topics

Overcoming the Crisis of TB and AIDS (T2)

Organizer(s): Anne E. Goldfeld and Stefan H.E. Kaufmann
October 20 - 25, 2009
Arusha International Conference Centre (meeting only) · Arusha, Tanzania
Abstract Deadline: June 22, 2009
Late Abstract Deadline: July 22, 2009
Scholarship Deadline: June 22, 2009
Early Registration Deadline: August 20, 2009

Part of the Keystone Symposia Global Health Series, Supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

This meeting took place in the 2009 season.

For a complete list of the meetings for the upcoming/current season,
see our meeting list, or search for a meeting.

Summary of Meeting
Tuberculosis (TB) is the largest cause of death in the AIDS setting, having caused approximately 50% of all AIDS deaths globally. Each infection on its own manipulates the host immune response to enhance the other infection’s pathogenicity, and the treatment of each involves long or lifelong therapy of complicated drug regimens. The focus of this Keystone Symposia meeting is to gain deeper insights into the immune pathology and deadly synergism between HIV and TB and its global toll in order to identify new ways to solve this global catastrophe by way of basic scientific discovery, and the development and delivery of vaccines, drugs and care. Mycobacterium tuberculosis survives in the vast majority of infected individuals without causing disease. However, as HIV compromises the immune system it fuels clinical emergence of TB and, as a result, has become the driving force for the current TB epidemics in Subsaharan Africa and Asia. TB in turn drives HIV-1 replication and causes HIV-1 disease progression. In order to effectively tackle this twin epidemic, integrated approaches encompassing basic immunological research, drug discovery, drug and vaccine design and delivery and novel approaches to delivering care in remote and impoverished areas must be integrated. This includes the following: virologic and bacteriologic research on the pathogens themselves; immunologic, molecular and cellular research on the host response; design, development and delivery of drugs and vaccines; development of different technologies for biomarkers of disease and cure; and novel drug and vaccine delivery systems. Moreover, basic discovery must be synergized with novel approaches to the delivery of TB and AIDS care in endemic areas. The overarching goal of the symposium is to gain a broad perspective on the problem of TB/AIDS – from its impact on life on earth to the basic biology of the organisms, the immune response – and to develop new paradigms of thinking and responses to deal with the humanitarian catastrophe of TB and AIDS co-infection.

Tuesday, October 20
3:00 - 7:00 PM	Registration	Naura Springs Hotel Lobby
Wednesday, October 21
6:30 - 8:00 AM	Breakfast at Hotel	Individual Hotels
8:30 - 11:00 AM	Registration	AICC Karafu Lobby
10:00 - 11:00 AM	Coffee Available	AICC Lower Lot
11:00 AM - 1:00 PM	The TB and AIDS Crisis: Why Are We Not Further Along? (Session with Grand Challenges in Global Health)	AICC Simba Hall
	* Elias Zerhouni, Senior Fellow, Global Health Program, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Session Chair
	Anne E. Goldfeld, Harvard Medical School Welcome Remarks







	David Baltimore, California Institute of Technology Engineering Immunity to Infectious Diseases



	Tadataka Yamada, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation The Role of Innovation
1:00 - 2:30 PM	Joint Lunch with Grand Challenges in Global Health	AICC Lower Lot
2:30 - 2:45 PM	Keystone Symposia Welcoming Remarks & Orientation	AICC Simba Hall
2:45 - 5:00 PM	Insights from Natural History of Disease	AICC Simba Hall
	* Stefan H.E. Kaufmann, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology-Berlin
	Beatrice H. Hahn, University of Alabama at Birmingham Natural SIV Infection of Wild-Living Chimpanzees is Associated with Increased Mortality and AIDS-Like Immunopathology

	Paul D. van Helden, Stellenbosch University TB Genomics and TB/HIV in Africa
	George M. Shaw, University of Alabama at Birmingham Genetic Identity, Biological Phenotype and Evolutionary Pathways of Transmitted/Founder Viruses in Acute and Early HIV-1 and SIV Infection
5:30 - 6:00 PM	Poster Setup	Naura Springs Ballroom
5:30 - 7:00 PM	Social Hour w/ Lite Bites	Naura Springs Ballroom
6:30 - 9:00 PM	Poster Session 1	Naura Springs Ballroom
Thursday, October 22
6:30 - 8:00 AM	Breakfast Included at Hotel	Individual Hotels
8:30 AM - 12:00 PM	TB, AIDS and Implications for Novel Interventions	AICC Simba Hall
	* Judy Lieberman, Harvard Medical School
	Stefan H.E. Kaufmann, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology-Berlin Immune Response to TB and Implications for Overcoming TB and AIDS
	Anne E. Goldfeld, Harvard Medical School The Immune Response to TB/HIV Co-Infection: Insights from the Natural History of Disease

	David D. Ho, Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center A Novel Approach to HIV-1 Prevention
	Sebastien Gagneux, Medical Research Council, National Institute for Medical Research Short Talk: Human T-Cell Epitopes of M. Tuberculosis are Evolutionarily Hyperconserved
	Subash Subbaraman Babu, Science Applications International Corporation Frederick Inc Short Talk: Negative Regulation of Th17 Responses in Latent Tuberculosis by Regulatory T Cells
	Christian G. Meyer, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine Short Talk: Human Genetic Factors in Tuberculosis: Candidate Genes and a Genome-Wide Association Study
9:50 - 10:20 AM	Coffee Break	AICC Upper Lawn
12:00 - 1:00 PM	Lunch	AICC Upper Lawn
1:00 - 2:45 PM	TB, AIDS and Implications for Novel Interventions (continued)	AICC Simba Hall
	Abdallah S. Daar, University of Toronto Building Capacity for Life Sciences Innovation and Health Product Development in Sub- Saharan Africa
	Robert J. Wilkinson, University of Cape Town Learning about Immunity to Tuberculosis from HIV Infected People
	Samuel Matoya Nyamweya, Medical Research Council Short Talk: A Study of Three Biomarkers of Immune Activation and Disease Progression: A Comparison between HIV-1 and HIV-2 Infections
2:45 - 3:15 PM	Coffee Break	AICC Upper Lawn
3:15 - 5:00 PM	TB, AIDS and Implications for Novel Interventions (continued)	AICC Simba Hall
	* Paul D. van Helden, Stellenbosch University
	Elizabeth L. Corbett, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine/Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme Impact of Providing Periodic Access to Community-Level Diagnosis of Smear-Positive Disease on Community Control of Infectious Tuberculosis (DETECTB)

	Jeffery S. Cox, University of California, San Francisco Short Talk: Dual Regulatory Mechanisms Control ESX-1 Secretion in M. tuberculosis

	Anna Helena van't Hoog, KEMRI/CDC Research and Public Health Collaboration Short Talk: Factors Associated with Prevalent Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Rural Western Kenya
	Bouke C. de Jong, New York University, MRC Laboratories Short Talk: Genome Sequence of M. africanum, a West African Cause of Human TB More Common in HIV Infected People
5:30 - 6:00 PM	Poster Setup	Naura Springs Ballroom
5:30 - 7:00 PM	Social Hour w/ Lite Bites	Naura Springs Ballroom
6:30 - 9:00 PM	Poster Session 2	Naura Springs Ballroom
Friday, October 23
6:30 - 8:00 AM	Breakfast Included at Hotel	Individual Hotels
8:30 AM - 12:00 PM	Novel Drug Approaches to TB and AIDS	AICC Simba Hall
9:50 - 10:20 AM	Coffee Break	AICC Upper Lawn
12:00 - 1:00 PM	Lunch	AICC Upper Lawn
1:00 - 3:00 PM	Delivery of Care: How Are We Going to Achieve Universal Access?	AICC Simba Hall

	* Anne E. Goldfeld, Harvard Medical School


	Mario C. Raviglione, World Health Organization Stop TB: The State of Treatment for XDR-, MDR- and Drug-Sensitive TB Thinking out of the Box to Treat TB and Interrupt New Infections on a Global Scale
	Yohannes Teshale, Gondar Medical School Short Talk: Doctor/Patient Perspective of MDR
	Yiming Shao, National Center for AIDS Prevention and Control Evolution of AIDS Control Strategy and Scale Up of AIDS Care Program in China
	Gail H. Cassell, Lilly Research Laboratories The MDR and XDR Catastrophe: How Are We Going to Overcome It?
3:00 - 3:30 PM	Coffee Break	AICC Upper Lawn
3:30 - 5:15 PM	Delivery of Care: Thinking Outside the Box: Developing Need Based Solutions	AICC Simba Hall
	* Christian Lienhardt, World Health Organisation

	Anthony Moll, Church of Scotland Hospital Responding to MDR/XDR TB and AIDS in a Rural Resource Poor Environment
	Sok Thim, Cambodian Health Committee Grassroots Solutions to Deliver and Scale up TB and AIDS Care
	Peter A. Singer, Canadian Institute of Health Research From Lab to Village
5:30 - 6:00 PM	Poster Setup	Naura Springs Ballroom
5:30 - 7:00 PM	Social Hour w/ Lite Bites	Naura Springs Ballroom
6:30 - 9:00 PM	Poster Session 3	Naura Springs Ballroom
Saturday, October 24
6:30 - 8:00 AM	Breakfast Included at Hotel	Individual Hotels
8:30 AM - 10:30 PM	Developing TB and AIDS Discovery Infrastructure	AICC Simba Hall
	* Robert J. Wilkinson, University of Cape Town

	Myron E. Essex, Harvard School of Public Health Establishing Scientific Infrastructure in an African Field Site: What has the Botswana AIDS Experience Taught us Going Forward
	Odile Ouwe Missi Oukem-Boyer, CIRCB Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research Short Talk: The Central Africa Network on Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and Malaria (CANTAM) Project: Creation of a Network of Excellence to Improve Clinical Research in Central Africa

	Elopy N. Sibanda, University of Zimbabwe Short Talk: Diagnosing HIV Infection and TB Drug Resistance in Africa, the Starting Point

	Edward A. Nardell, Brigham and Woman's Hospital

	Shreemanta K. Parida, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology Short Talk:
10:30 - 11:00 AM	Coffee Break	AICC Upper Lawn
11:00 AM - 12:35 PM	Overcoming Major Challenges in TB and AIDS Drug and Vaccine Development	AICC Simba Hall
	* Myron E. Essex, Harvard School of Public Health
	Jerald C. Sadoff, Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation Aeras TB Vaccine Development
	Helen McShane, University of Oxford Short Talk: Results from Clinical Trials with a New TB Vaccine, MVA85A, in HIV-Infected People
	David M. Lewinsohn, Portland VA Medical Center Short Talk: MR1-Dependent Presentation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens to Human CD8+ T Cells
12:45 - 1:45 PM	Lunch	AICC Upper Lawn
1:45 - 5:00 PM	Overcoming Major Challenges in TB and AIDS Drug and Vaccine Development	AICC Simba Hall
	Mark B. Feinberg, Merck & Co., Inc. Declined: The Disappointing Results of the STEP Trial: How do They Advance our Understanding of the Challenges of HIV Vaccine Development and Inform the Next Steps Moving Forward?
	Brigitte Autran, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, UPMC Declined: Investigation of the Immune Response to AIDS and Novel Vaccine Design
	* Roy Curtiss III, Arizona State University
	Phyllis J. Kanki, Harvard School of Public Health HIV Diversity in Africa: What We have Learned for Vaccine and Drug Development and Delivery
	Jayne S. Sutherland, Medical Research Council Short Talk:
	Tanjore S. Balganesh, AstraZeneca India Pvt Ltd Discovery of Anti-Tuberculosis Agents: Building on a Decade of Learning!
	* Alan Sher, NIAID, National Institutes of Health Immunologic Determinants of Mycobacterial Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) in a Murine Experimental Model
	* Stefan H.E. Kaufmann, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology-Berlin Closing Remarks
2:50 - 3:20 PM	Coffee Break	AICC Upper Lawn
5:30 - 7:00 PM	Social Hour w/ Lite Bites	Naura Springs Ballroom
6:00 - 9:00 PM	Entertainment	Naura Springs Ballroom
Sunday, October 25
6:30 - 8:30 AM	Breakfast Included at Hotel	Individual Hotels
	Departure

*Session Chair †Speaker invited, not yet responded.